Malaria is still a significant health problem in Brazil, especially in the Legal Amazon, where the state of Roraima is located. To eliminate the disease, it is important to identify the epidemiological characteristics to set control strategies according to the local reality. The emergence of resistance to antimalarials may impact the control strategy based on treatment, therefore, it is important to know the diversity of the genes associated with resistance to antimalarial. Thus, the objective of this study was to describe the morbidity and mortality profile of malaria and the diversity of genes associated or potentially associated with resistance to antimalarials in P. falciparum and P. vivax parasites in the state of Roraima. To meet the proposed objectives, a retrospective study was first carried out, based on secondary data, from 2010 to 2020. The sources for collecting such data were the Malaria Epidemiological Surveillance Information System, the Mortality Information System and the Hospital Admission Information. For the second research aim, blood was collected and epidemiological malaria questionnaires were applied at the Cosme e Silva Emergency Hospital and Sayonara Health Unit, when participants with malaria diagnosis by thick blood smears, over 18 years of age, and who signed the free and informed consent form, were included in the study. In the laboratory, DNA extraction, PCR, purification and DNA sequencing were carried out. P falciparum chemoresistance monitoring assays were performed through mutations in the pfk13 gene. For P. vivax, polymorphisms in the pvcrt-o and pvmdr1 genes were investigated. The results showed that malaria imported from Venezuela and mining in the Yanomami indigenous land are increasing the malaria cases in Roraima. Young, brown men who carry out mining activities are the most affected by malaria. The habit of self-medication in mining areas is recurrent, which can promote the appearance of parasite resistance to antimalarials. We did not find mutations in the pfk13 sequences indicating that P. falciparum parasites circulating in Roraima are not resistant to artemisinin. However, the presence of pvcrt-o and pvmdr1 mutations without recrudescence cases showed that these genes are not useful molecular markers to predict the emergence of P. vivax phenotypes resistant to chloroquine. 

The biodiversity of the Amazon has great potential to be exploited in a sustainable way. In the regions that produce camu-camu [Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh], the waste of the fruits and processed residues from the extraction of pulp and juice production can be observed, which often are improperly disposed of in the environment. In this way, important inputs are wasted, since they have nutraceutical potential to be introduced in new products, as raw material or complementation/supplementation, provided that the processing is viable for the region and the final product meets regulatory standards. Therefore, the objective was to formulate and characterize products based on fruits and residues from the production of camu-camu pulp and juice generated in Roraima. Prototypes of camu-camu flour were formulated from whole fruits and residues (shells and seeds), from pulp extraction and juice production, later enriching cassava flour (Manihot esculenta Crantz), enriching them nutritionally. Based on the research, it will be possible to meet the demand of family agroindustry by developing products made from camu-camu and residues deriving from the production of pulps and juices. During the research, low-cost techniques were used so that they can be effectively reproduced and adopted in producing regions. With the formulation of camu-camu flour, it will be possible to enrich other foods of great acceptance and high energy value, such as enriched cassava flour, which plays an important role in the diet of the Brazilian population, especially in the northern region of the country. In this way, processing fruits and residues from the extraction of pulps and juices can make viable the production of bioproducts that can contribute to food security, alleviating the malnutrition of the region's population, in addition to collaborating with the opportunity for work and to generate income, also ensuring economic and social gains. The partial results indicate that the evaluated camu-camu fruits have desirable quality characteristics, similar to the results found in the technical-scientific literature. The agro-industrial and nutritional quality of camu-camu-based flour prototypes is differentiated, depending on the raw material used and the drying method. Whole fruit flours and residues from the processing of camu-camu have a satisfactory concentration of macro and micronutrients, being alternatives for the industrialization of this fruit, mainly in producing regions, resulting in a good use of its agroindustrial and nutritional qualities. 

Since the beginning of humanity, medicinal plants have been used in traditional medicine to treat a wide variety of diseases and this knowledge has been accumulated from ancient times to the present day. Brazil is considered the country with the greatest biodiversity on the planet, whose species are used as foods, fibers, wood, condiments, aromas, active ingredients and medicines, with their extracts being a source of raw material for the development of drugs from its secondary metabolites. Among the plants that occur in the Northern Amazon region, Lippia origanoides Kunth (OELO) stands out, popularly known as rosemary-pepper, strepa-cavalo, in Roraima it is popularly known as sage from the field, easily found in savannah regions and plowed. The pharmacological potential of its essential oil (EO) is known in the treatment of various pathologies related to the respiratory system, as well as bactericidal, antifungal, antiparasitic, larvicidal, antioxidant and inhibitory activities of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme in vitro and in vivo in Aedes aegypti. Each essential oil is formed by a complex mixture of natural phytoconstituents in very different concentrations, which can be associated with chemotypes of the same species, mainly extracted from aromatic plants. Typically, it is these major compounds that determine the chemotype and its pharmacological properties. Therefore, the objective of this work is to carry out a study of the chemical composition, evaluating whether the essential oil extracted from the fresh leaves of the species Lippia origanoides Kunth has antioxidant activity and the ability to inhibit Acetylcholinesterase in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. To this end, we will perform identification and quantification (GCMS and GCFID), perform chemical antioxidant activity, evaluate the ability of cells treated with samples to reduce MTT, analyze the toxicity of EOLO essential oil in the C. elegans animal model, analyze treatment with the EOLO in Oxidative Stress in the C. elegans animal model and analyze paralysis in the C. elegans animal model, with the treatment of EOLO. The major constituents were carvacrol-22.64%, thymol-16.77%, p-cymene-14.85%, (E)-caryophyllene-9.86% and Linalool3.41%. OELO was non-toxic and showed antioxidant and anti-aging activities in vivo in the C. elegans model. Furthermore, EOLO showed a protective effect against abnormal protein aggregation. According to the results presented, we can suggest that EOLO can become a potent pharmacological agent against dementia, promoting antioxidant action and, consequently, improving the life and health of C. elegans.