PARAMETERS OF THE WASH SPHERE MANUAL IN THE INFORMAL SETTLEMENT YAKERA INE
Settlement; Hygiene Promotion; Migrants
Since 2017, Venezuelan refugees have been living in Roraima state, Brazil. They are vulnerable, and according the number of people arising, emerge diferente types of settlement such: informal, and formal. Multiple stakeholders are supporting these vulnerable group to improve their lives. The venezuelan indigenous flow also increase in Roraima State, in Boa Vista city, they are living since 2017 to 2022 in Pintolandia Shelter, and after this vulnerable group were realocated to indigenous Shelter Waraotuma a Tauranoko, however part of population decided to stay in the past Shelter (Pintolandia), that is now denominated informal settlement/spontaneous occupation Yakera Ine. In Brazil, the lack of adequate sanitation or the wrong perception of it for the local community could carry out diasiases related to health. For humanitarian crises, in collective Spaces related to settlement, exist the minimal international humanitarian standards, there are pointed in Sphere Handbook and aim to protect and garante the right to acess water and sanitation. In the humanitarian relief context acronym WASH means Water, Hygiene and Sanitation. The WASH standards in Sphere are in accordance with the national brazilian politics of water resources, and corelated to Sustenable Development Goals from ONU. In order to understand the situation regarding sanitation in which the vulnerable community of the informal settlement Yakera Ine lives, the WASH parameters were identified according to the applicable Sphere Handbook for the informal settlement, and verified which ones are in accordance with these standards in the settlement. The verification found lack of water in the external bathrooms, and pending maintenance making the use of devices unfeasible, several points of accumulation of still water, both coming from the tap points by the shelter and laundry, as well as from a sewage pit overflowing with black water and lack of adequate waste diposal, and open defecation. This vulnerable group can be severely affected by sanitation-related diseases if it fails to manage some of the problems identified in this study, especially during the rainy season. A highlight is also the amount of solid waste spread throughout the occupation, which will also tend to worsen with the issue of rain season. Based on the identified problems, a sanitation booklet was created for the best management of water resources for the target population.