This dissertation discusses the production of justice in situations where there is an encounter between disparate models of legal practice, with a focus on specific situations in the state of Roraima involving the Brazilian state and Indigenous Communities. The situation is analyzed from a dual perspective of Law and Anthropology, with a focus on the different approaches and strategies that involve the application of justice and laws in situations where distinct models of justice practice are present. The dissertation results from a study of Brazilian legislation related to the resolution of internal conflicts within indigenous communities and the right to self-determination, research in judicial processes, and field research with semi-structured interviews with indigenous leaders. It is concluded that anthropology is an essential discipline in mediation processes that involve the encounter between different justice systems, and that there is a need to invest in the production of an anthropology of Brazilian state practices regarding the production of culturally sensitive Indigenous justice models that are appropriate for the complexity of life in these communities.